Umehluko phakathi kwe-gantry ne-cantilever 3D yemishini yokusika i-laser eyi-axis emihlanu

1. Imodi yesakhiwo kanye nokunyakaza

1.1 Isakhiwo se-Gantry

1) Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo kanye nemodi yokunyakaza

Lonke uhlelo lufana “nomnyango”. Ikhanda lokucutshungulwa kwe-laser lihamba ngohlaka lwe-"gantry", futhi amamotho amabili ashayela amakholomu amabili e-gantry ukuze ahambe kumzila we-X-axis guide. I-beam, njengengxenye ethwala imithwalo, ingafinyelela ukushaywa okukhulu, okwenza imishini ye-gantry ifanele ukucubungula ama-workpieces amakhulu.

2) Ukuqina kwesakhiwo nokuzinza

Idizayini yokusekela kabili iqinisekisa ukuthi i-beam igcizelelwe ngokulinganayo futhi ayikhubazeki kalula, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuzinza kokukhishwa kwe-laser nokunemba kokusika, futhi ingafinyelela ukuma okusheshayo nokuphendula okuguquguqukayo ukuze kuhlangabezane nezidingo zokucubungula ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwakheka kwayo okuphelele kunikeza ukuqina okuphezulu kwesakhiwo, ikakhulukazi lapho kucutshungulwa ama-workpieces anosayizi omkhulu nowugqinsi.

1.2 Isakhiwo seCantilever

1) Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo kanye nemodi yokunyakaza

Imishini ye-cantilever yamukela uhlaka lwe-cantilever ye-cantilever ngokusekelwa okukodwa. Inhloko yokucubungula i-laser imisiwe emgodleni, kanti olunye uhlangothi lumisiwe, olufana "nengalo ye-cantilever". Ngokuvamile, i-X-axis ishayelwa injini, futhi idivayisi yokusekela ihamba kumzila wesitimela ukuze ikhanda lokucubungula libe nokunyakaza okukhudlwana ku-Y-axis direction.

2) Isakhiwo esiqinile kanye nokuguquguquka

Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokusekelwa ohlangothini olulodwa ekwakhiweni, isakhiwo sonke sihlangene kakhulu futhi sithatha indawo encane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhloko yokusika inendawo enkulu yokusebenza ekuqondeni kwe-Y-axis, engakwazi ukufeza imisebenzi yokucubungula eyinkimbinkimbi yendawo ejulile futhi eguquguqukayo, efanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwesilingo sesikhunta, ukuthuthukiswa kwemoto ye-prototype, kanye ne-batch encane naphakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza eziguquguqukayo eziningi.

2. Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi

2.1 Ubuhle kanye nokubi kwamathuluzi omshini we-gantry

2.1.1 Izinzuzo

I-1) Ukuqina okuhle kwesakhiwo nokuzinza okuphezulu

Idizayini yokwesekwa ekabili (isakhiwo esinamakholomu amabili kanye nenduku) yenza inkundla yokucubungula iqine. Ngesikhathi sokumisa nokusika ngesivinini esikhulu, ukuphuma kwe-laser kuzinze kakhulu, futhi ukucubungula okuqhubekayo nokunembayo kungafinyelelwa.

2) Ibanga elikhulu lokucubungula

Ukusetshenziswa kwenduku ebanzi ethwala imithwalo kungacubungula izingcezu zokusebenza ezinobubanzi obungaphezu kwamamitha angu-2 noma ngaphezulu, okulungele ukucutshungulwa okunembayo kwezinto zokusebenza ezinosayizi omkhulu endizeni, ezimotweni, emikhunjini, njll.

2.1.2 Okubi

1) Inkinga yokuvumelanisa

Amamotho amabili emigqa asetshenziswa ukushayela amakholomu amabili. Uma izinkinga zokuvumelanisa zenzeka phakathi nokunyakaza kwesivinini esikhulu, i-beam ingase ingaqondani kahle noma idonswe nge-diagonally. Lokhu ngeke nje kunciphise ukunemba kokucubungula, kodwa kungase futhi kubangele umonakalo ezingxenyeni zokudlulisela ezifana namagiya namarack, kusheshise ukuguga, futhi kunyuse izindleko zokulungisa.

2) Izinyathelo ezinkulu

Amathuluzi omshini we-Gantry makhulu ngosayizi futhi ngokuvamile angalayisha kuphela futhi akhiphe izinto ezisetshenziswayo eduze kwesiqondisindlela se-X-eksisi, esikhawulela ukuguquguquka kokulayisha okuzenzakalelayo nokulayisha futhi azifanele izindawo zokusebenza ezinendawo elinganiselwe.

3) Inkinga ye-magnetic adsorption

Uma injini yomugqa isetshenziswa ukushayela ukwesekwa kwe-X-axis kanye ne-Y-axis beam ngesikhathi esifanayo, amandla kazibuthe wemoto akhanga kalula impushana yensimbi emzileni. Ukuqoqwa kwesikhathi eside kothuli nempushana kungase kuthinte ukunemba kokusebenza nempilo yesevisi yemishini. Ngakho-ke, amathuluzi omshini aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu avame ukuhlonywa izembozo zothuli kanye nezinhlelo zokususa uthuli lwetafula ukuze kuvikelwe izingxenye zokudlulisela.

2.2 Izinzuzo kanye Nobubi Bamathuluzi Omshini weCantilever

2.2.1 Izinzuzo

1) Isakhiwo esiqinile kanye nezinyathelo ezincane

Ngenxa yomklamo wokusekela ohlangothini olulodwa, isakhiwo sisonke silula futhi sihlangene, esilungele ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini nasezindaweni zokusebenzela ezinendawo elinganiselwe.

2) Ukuqina okuqinile nokunciphisa izinkinga zokuvumelanisa

Ukusebenzisa injini eyodwa kuphela ukushayela i-X-eksisi kugwema inkinga yokuvumelanisa phakathi kwamamotho amaningi. Ngasikhathi sinye, uma injini ishayela ukude i-rack kanye ne-pinion transmission system, inganciphisa nenkinga yokumuncwa kothuli kazibuthe.

3) Ukondla okulula kanye nokuguqulwa okulula okuzenzakalelayo

Idizayini ye-cantilever ivumela ithuluzi lomshini ukuthi liphakele lisuka eziqondisweni eziningi, elilungele ukudokwa ngamarobhothi noma amanye amasistimu okudlulisa azenzakalelayo. Ilungele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, kuyilapho yenza ukuklama komshini kube lula, kunciphisa izindleko zokuyilungisa kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula, kanye nokwenza ngcono inani lokusebenzisa okokusebenza kuwo wonke umjikelezo wayo wokuphila.

4) Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu

Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezikhali zokusekela ezivimbelayo, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zosayizi wethuluzi lomshini, ikhanda lokusika linendawo enkulu yokusebenza endaweni ye-Y-axis, ingaba seduze nendawo yokusebenza, futhi ifinyelele ukusika okuhle okuguquguqukayo nendawo yendawo kanye nokushisela, okulungele ngokukhethekile ukukhiqiza isikhunta, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-prototype, kanye nokucutshungulwa ngokunemba kwama-workpieces amancane naphakathi.

2.2.2 Okubi

1) Ibanga lokucubungula elinomkhawulo

Njengoba i-crossbeam ethwala imithwalo yesakhiwo se-cantilever imisiwe, ubude bayo bunqunyelwe (ngokuvamile akufanelekile ukusika ama-workpieces ngobubanzi obungaphezu kwamamitha angu-2), futhi ububanzi bokucubungula bulinganiselwe.

I-2) Ukuzinza kwejubane eliphezulu okunganele

Isakhiwo sokusekela esinohlangothi olulodwa senza isikhungo sokudonsela phansi kwethuluzi lomshini sicheme ngasohlangothini lokusekela. Lapho ikhanda lokucubungula lihamba ku-eksisi ye-Y, ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni kwesivinini esiphezulu eduze nesiphetho esimisiwe, ushintsho phakathi nendawo yamandla adonsela phansi e-crossbeam kanye ne-torque enkulu esebenzayo kungenzeka kubangele ukudlidliza nokuguquguquka, kubangele inselele enkulu ekuzinzeni okuphelele kwethuluzi lomshini. Ngakho-ke, umbhede udinga ukuba nokuqina okuphezulu nokumelana nokudlidliza ukuze uqedele lo mthelela oguquguqukayo.

3. Izikhathi zokufaka izicelo kanye neziphakamiso zokukhetha

3.1 Ithuluzi lomshini we-Gantry

Isebenza ekucutshungulweni kwe-laser ngemithwalo esindayo, osayizi abakhulu, kanye nezidingo ezinembayo eziphezulu ezifana nezindiza, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto, isikhunta esikhulu, nezimboni zokwakha imikhumbi. Nakuba ithatha indawo enkulu futhi inezidingo eziphakeme zokuvumelanisa izinjini, inezinzuzo ezisobala ekuzinzeni nasekunembeni ekukhiqizeni ngezinga elikhulu nangesivinini.

3.2 Amathuluzi omshini weCantilever

Ifaneleka kakhulu ukwenziwa kwemishini enembile kanye nokusikwa kwendawo eyinkimbinkimbi yezingxenye zokusebenza ezincane nezinosayizi omaphakathi, ikakhulukazi kuma-workshops anendawo elinganiselwe noma ukuphakela ngezindlela eziningi. Inesakhiwo esihlangene kanye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu, kuyilapho yenza lula ukugcinwa nokuhlanganiswa okuzenzakalelayo, ihlinzeka ngezindleko ezisobala kanye nezinzuzo ezisebenza kahle zokukhiqiza isilingo sesikhunta, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-prototype kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-batch encane naphakathi.

4. Isistimu yokulawula kanye nokucatshangelwa kokulondolozwa

4.1 Uhlelo lokulawula

I-1) Amathuluzi omshini we-Gantry ngokuvamile ancike ezinhlelweni ze-CNC ezinembayo kanye nama-algorithms esinxephezelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvumelanisa kwamamotho amabili, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-crossbeam ngeke iqondiswe kabi phakathi nokunyakaza kwesivinini esikhulu, ngaleyo ndlela igcine ukunemba kokucubungula.

2) Amathuluzi omshini we-Cantilever athembele kancane ekulawuleni okuyinkimbinkimbi kokuvumelanisa, kodwa adinga ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela okunembe kakhudlwana kanye nobuchwepheshe besinxephezelo mayelana nokumelana nokudlidliza nokulinganisela okuguquguqukayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ngeke kube namaphutha ngenxa yokudlidliza nezinguquko phakathi nendawo ye-gravity ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwe-laser.

4.2 Isondlo kanye Nomnotho

I-1) Imishini ye-Gantry inesakhiwo esikhulu kanye nezingxenye eziningi, ngakho ukugcinwa nokulinganisa kuyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuhlolwa okuqinile kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela uthuli ziyadingeka ekusebenzeni isikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kokugqoka namandla okubangelwa ukusebenza komthwalo omkhulu akukwazi ukunakwa.

I-2) Imishini ye-Cantilever inesakhiwo esilula, izindleko eziphansi zokunakekelwa nokulungiswa, futhi ifaneleka kakhulu amafektri amancane naphakathi nendawo kanye nezidingo zokuguqulwa kwe-automation. Kodwa-ke, isidingo sokusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwesivinini esikhulu siphinde sisho ukuthi kufanele kunakwe ukwakheka nokugcinwa kokumelana nokudlidliza kanye nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside kombhede.

5. Isifinyezo

Cabangela lonke ulwazi olungenhla:

1) Isakhiwo nokunyakaza

Isakhiwo se-gantry sifana "nomnyango" ophelele. Isebenzisa amakholomu akabili ukuze ishayele i-crossbeam. Inokuqina okuphezulu kanye nekhono lokuphatha ama-workpieces amakhulu, kodwa ukuvumelanisa nendawo yaphansi yizindaba ezidinga ukunakwa;

Isakhiwo se-cantilever samukela umklamo we-cantilever ohlangothini olulodwa. Nakuba uhla lokucubungula lulinganiselwe, lunesakhiwo esihlangene kanye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu, okulungele ukuzenzekelayo nokusika ama-angle amaningi.

2) Ukucubungula izinzuzo kanye nezimo ezisebenzayo

Uhlobo lwe-Gantry lufaneleka kakhulu endaweni enkulu, ama-workpieces amakhulu kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza i-batch esheshayo, futhi ifaneleka ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezingakwazi ukuhlalisa indawo enkulu yaphansi futhi ibe nezimo zokulungisa ezihambisanayo;

Uhlobo lweCantilever lufaneleka kakhulu ukucubungula izindawo ezincane neziphakathi nendawo, eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi lufanele izikhathi ezinendawo elinganiselwe kanye nokuphishekela ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kanye nezindleko zokulungisa eziphansi.

Ngokwezidingo ezithile zokucutshungulwa, usayizi wengcezu yokusebenza, isabelomali nezimo zefekthri, onjiniyela nabakhiqizi kufanele balinganisele izinzuzo nezingozi lapho bekhetha amathuluzi omshini futhi bakhethe okokusebenza okufaneleka kangcono izimo zangempela zokukhiqiza.